The evolution of logical argumentation in modern debates as a tool for forming critical thinking

Abstract

In the context of rapid changes in society, politics and technology, debates act as a tool for improving argumentation and logical thinking skills. Modern approaches to argumentation in debates allow not only to improve communication skills, but also to actively influence decision-making and the formation of public opinion. The importance of these processes is growing in the context of the development of democratic institutions and the popularization of critical thinking in education. The purpose of the study is to review the features of the evolution of logical argumentation in modern debates and determine its role in the formation of critical thinking in the conditions of today's society. The following scientific methods were used in the research process: theoretical generalization and grouping (to classify the main approaches to the evolution of logical argumentation in debates and identify key stages of development); formalization, analysis and synthesis (to structure scientific views, determine the main aspects of the formation of critical thinking through argumentation in debates); logical generalization of results (to formulate conclusions). The materials for the study are the works of domestic and foreign authors who investigate the evolution of logical argumentation and the development of critical thinking through debates. Results. The article examines the significance of public opinion in a democratic society and the role of argumentation as a key tool for its formation. Emphasis is placed on the historical progress of argumentation: from the classical principles of Aristotle to the modern requirements of the globalized information space. It is specified that argumentation has evolved from the rigidly formalized logical schemes of antiquity to the integrative approach of modernity, which takes into account logic, emotions, and ethics. The authors emphasize that critical thinking is formed through the systematic use of logical argumentation in public discourse, in particular in debates. This process involves not only the search for evidence, but also the analysis of its reliability, the structure of the presentation, and the ability to adapt to changing communicative conditions. Conclusions. It is noted that the evolution of logical argumentation in modern debates indicates the growing role of rational thinking in public discourse. With the development of technology and the information society, debates have become not only a way of expressing opinions, but also a powerful tool for the development of critical thinking. Argumentation is no longer reduced to a simple statement of a position – it involves structured logic, fact-checking, and analysis of opponent theses. In further research, it is proposed to focus on studying the impact of the digital environment, in particular social networks and online platforms, on the formation of argumentative skills.