Study of professional skills that determine the success of future engineering students

Abstract

In the context of the transformation of higher technical education, the task of providing not only a thorough theoretical training, but also the practice-oriented development of professional skills, which is a prerequisite for the competitiveness of future engineers, is becoming relevant. The chosen topic is relevant due to the need to modernize approaches to the training of engineers in accordance with the requirements of the modern labor market and the defining guidelines of the competency-based paradigm in education. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the system of professional skills that determine the effectiveness and success of the final result of training of future applicants for engineering specialties, as well as to determine effective pedagogical conditions and approaches to their formation within the educational environment of the university. Methods. Theoretical: analysis of psycho-pedagogical and scientific-methodical literature, systematization and generalization of experience in training engineering personnel in national and international practice; empirical: questionnaires of students of technical specialties and teachers of professional disciplines, pedagogical observation; methods of mathematical statistics - for the interpretation of the data. Results. The study confirmed that the leading professional skills have a significant impact on the successful learning of educational material, namely: the ability to interdisciplinary integration of knowledge, the ability to apply theoretical provisions in solving applied technical problems, analytical and critical thinking, communication competence, and readiness to work in a team. It has been established that the effective formation of these skills is possible with the introduction of interactive pedagogical technologies, project-based learning, and a differentiated approach to the organization of education. Conclusions. Thus, the development of professional skills is important in the process of training future engineering personnel and is a key factor in improving the quality of education, professional self-determination and competitiveness of graduates. The results of the study can be used to improve the curricula, programs and methodological support of the educational process in technical and pedagogical higher education institutions.