Theoretical and practical basis of structure of physical culture and health technologies taking into account the spatial organization of the human body

Abstract

Abstract. The article considers the theoretical and practical prerequisites and aspects of the creation of physical education and preventive technologies based on the spatial organization of the human body. The human body, as a biological system, is in constant interaction with the environment, as a result of which it changes both in time and in spatial dimensions. These changes are reflected in the dynamics of functional characteristics that determine the state of the organism in different periods of life. Objective. The purpose of the article was to substantiate the principles and structure of physical education and preventive technologies that take into account the spatial organization of the body for the effective prevention and correction of motor dysfunctions. The need for individualization of motor activity is substantiated, the principles of building effective technologies for the prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system of people of different ages are formulated. Methods. The following research methods were used in the scientific research: theoretical analysis of professional and scientific and methodological literature, goniometry of posture, mathematical. 30 people took part in the scientific research. The pedagogical experiment was implemented on the basis of the scientific center "Olympikus" of the Department of Gymnastics and Physical Culture and Sports Technologies of the State Educational Institution "South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky". Results. During the study, a decrease in the angle α1 (as a sign of head alignment) was detected in 50% of the subjects, which indicates positive dynamics. Results. The changes that occurred demonstrated an increase in the angle α2 from 81.0±3.35 ° to 82.0±3.35 ° (p ≤ 0.05), which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed preventive and health-improving technologies. It is worth noting that the angle α3 decreased in 33.3% of the subjects, on average it changed from 3.0±0.63° to 2.67±0.52° (p > 0.05), which indicates its lower sensitivity to short-term corrective effects. Conclusions. Physical education and preventive technologies that take into account the spatial organization of the body are highly effective in preventing disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Their use is appropriate in the educational process, rehabilitation, fitness and labor activity, etc. Further research will be aimed at adapting the proposed physical education and health technologies to the training process of athletes in the selected sport.