Physical education and health work of a preschool educational institution as a factor in the harmonious development of a child

Abstract

The article outlines modern transformations of the content and organization of physical education and health work in a preschool educational institution. It emphasizes the need to consider physical education and health activities as a comprehensive system of educational and health-improving influences. The purpose of the study was to generalize existing approaches to understanding the conceptual principles of physical education and health work in a preschool educational institution; strategies for transforming the content and organizational and methodological principles of physical education and health work, which ensure the harmonious development of the child. The analytical and theoretical methods used in the work allowed us to form a holistic view of the physical education and health work of a preschool educational institution as a system of organizational and methodological psychological and pedagogical, socio-cultural, and therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of children. In the process of research, it was found that the harmonious development of a child is determined by the unity of innate predispositions and social, including educational, influences; a special role belongs to one of the leading types of activity - physical activity. Physical education and health work guarantees the harmonious development of a child, provided that a number of key requirements are met: purposefulness, diversity, and emotional richness. The main directions of implementing the health strategy should be: integration of physical activity into all aspects of the educational process; ensuring psycho-emotional well-being; ecologization of health care; instilling nutritional skills; promoting the formation of social and communicative skills. In times of crisis, organizational models of physical education and health work in a preschool educational institution provide for a variety of forms, a high level of adaptability to environmental conditions, and consideration of the individual needs of children and various socio-economic factors. The content of physical education and health work encompasses a set of modern methods, techniques, and innovative forms that maximize health-improving effects through the effective integration of physical exercises (various types of motor activity), psycho-emotional techniques, and social and communicative interaction. Therefore, physical education and health work is an important factor in the harmonious development of a child, as it provides a combination of motor activity, the formation of health-preserving behavior skills, and social interaction. Its systemic organization contributes to the preservation and strengthening of health, cognitive and socio-communicative development, as well as the formation of a holistic understanding of a healthy lifestyle, which is a necessary condition for the formation of a healthy personality of the child.