Comparative analysis of annual training models in women's college basketball: theory and practice

Abstract

The effectiveness of training in women's college basketball largely depends on the coordination of high sports loads with a busy academic schedule. The specifics of the "dual career" of female student athletes require a review of traditional approaches to periodization, which often do not take into account non-sports stressors and individual development characteristics. The search for an optimal model of annual cycle planning that would ensure flexibility in managing the training process and preserving the health of female players in a higher education institution remains relevant. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the developed adaptive-differentiated model of annual training with traditional and modern approaches to determine its advantages in the context of women's college basketball. Methods of research: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, logical analysis method, content analysis, synthesis method, discussion analysis. Results of research. A structural and functional analysis of four training models was carried out: traditional, tactical periodization, practical model and author's adaptive-differentiated model. It was established that classical and professionally-oriented approaches are characterized by insufficient flexibility in relation to the academic calendar or excessive intensification of loads, which increases the risk of overtraining. It was determined that the adaptive-differentiated model provides a high level of individualization by dividing athletes into groups according to skill level and integrates training sessions as planned stages of recovery. The advantages of the proposed approach in terms of proactive fatigue management and harmonization of sports and educational activities compared to rigid planning schemes are proven. Conclusions. The generalization of the results shows that for the conditions of student sports, the most appropriate is the use of flexible models built around the academic calendar, and not contrary to it. The adaptive-differentiated model allows you to effectively solve the problem of dissonance between sports and educational tasks, ensuring the stability of the functional state of the female body.