The influence of the motivational component on English language learning by cadets and servicemen in Higher Military Educational Institutions

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to theoretically substantiate and empirically investigate the influence of the motivational component on the process of English language learning by cadets and servicemen in Higher Military Educational Institutions, aiming to determine the balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and outline directions for improving English language training in Ukrainian Higher Military Educational Institutions. Methods: The study employed both theoretical and empirical methods. The theoretical part was based on the analysis and synthesis of scientific sources on motivation and foreign language training in military education. The empirical study was conducted via an anonymous survey of cadets and servicemen at the Military Academy (Odesa), using a specially designed questionnaire and a five-point Likert scale. Data were processed using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, including percentage calculation and content analysis of open-ended responses. Results: The study revealed that cadets’ and servicemen’s intrinsic motivation to learn English is present, but mostly moderate and unstable, limited by academic workload and service conditions. In contrast, extrinsic motivation, associated with compulsory coursework, assessment, career prospects, and training standards, dominates and serves as the main driver of learning activity. Respondents considered the combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motives the most effective, yet intrinsic motivation requires purposeful development. Conclusions: To enhance cadets’ and servicemen’s intrinsic motivation for learning English, it is recommended to implement professionally oriented learning materials, active communicative practice in oral and written forms, autonomous tasks with flexible choice of topics and difficulty levels, and extracurricular language activities integrated into daily routines. This set of measures will facilitate the gradual transition from externally driven to internally accepted motivation, improve the effectiveness of English language training, and ensure sustainable professional and linguistic development of future officers and servicemen.