Features of Using Health-Focused Fitness in Corrective and Developmental Work with Preschool Children with Speech Disorders

Abstract

Introduction. The article addresses the relevant problem of identifying effective approaches to the improvement of psychophysical and speech development in children aged 5–6 years. It has been established that traditional speech therapy methods require integration with modern forms of motor activity, in particular health-focused fitness, in order to activate neuromotor processes and enhance the quality of corrective intervention. Objective. To identify and scientifically substantiate the specific features of applying health-focused fitness in corrective and developmental work with senior preschool children presenting various types of speech disorders. Methods. The study employed a set of theoretical methods, including analysis and systematization of scientific and methodological literature; comparative analysis of Ukrainian (traditional pedagogical) and international (neuropsychological) approaches; and modeling to develop an algorithm for the differentiated selection of fitness tools. Results. A step-by-step algorithm for the application of health-focused fitness in speech therapy practice was developed and presented, comprising diagnostic, goal-oriented, and operational components. Specific groups of exercises (children’s Pilates, speech-rhythmic exercises, training on unstable surfaces, yoga, and fitball gymnastics) were systematized according to the nosological type of speech disorder (phonetic-phonemic underdevelopment, general speech underdevelopment, stuttering, dysarthria). The mechanism of integrating movement and speech based on the principle “movement – word – reflection” was identified. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that the differentiated use of health-focused fitness not only improves children’s physical condition but also acts as a catalyst for the formation of new neural connections, thereby contributing to more effective correction of speech impairments and increasing readiness for school education.