Specifics of Military Personnel Adaptation to Physical Loads and Conditions for Improving Their Working Capacity

Abstract

Today, the quality of military personnel training for professional activity is a matter of great relevance. Basic Combined Arms Training (BCAT) takes place against the backdrop of the body's adaptation to significant physical loads. To ensure the success of the adaptation process, physical training methods should be applied, particularly those aimed at increasing the efficiency of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. It has been proven that to ensure full adaptation to professional activity, a period of repeated cycles of action must be organized. Adaptation occurring under the influence of training is determined not only by the choice of specific exercises but also by a certain level of physical exertion. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate the specifics of military personnel's adaptation to physical loads and to investigate the impact of their physical fitness level on performance indicators. The following methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of previous research materials, pedagogical observation, and methods of mathematical statistics. According to the results of testing the functional state of the service members, it was determined that the indicators did not change during the BCAT period. The results indicate that the functional capabilities of military personnel with a sufficient level of physical fitness ensured a compensated response of the body to combat training factors. In service members with a low level of physical fitness, functional capabilities were low, and their working capacity decreased. Their functional indicators were significantly worse than those of the first group both during the training process (t=2.650; p<0.05) and upon its completion (t=4.702; p<0.001). Conclusions. The means and methods of physical training allow for the successful adaptation of an individual to military service and professional activity, which is especially relevant in the current conditions of Ukraine.