Methods of Forming Geomorphological Competences in the Grade 8 Geography Course

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the structure of geomorphological competencies and systematize methods and tools for their formation in the 8th grade geography course. Analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological sources on competency-based approach in geographical education, comparative analysis of approaches to structuring subject competencies, modeling of geomorphological competencies structure, and systematization of teaching methods and tools for forming their components. The structure of geomorphological competencies has been substantiated, including three interrelated components: cognitive (system of concepts about landforms, relief-forming processes, geospatial distribution of geomorphological objects), activity-based (ability to read and analyze maps of various types, identify landforms, construct profiles, establish cause-and-effect relationships, predict geomorphological processes), and value-based (awareness of the importance of relief for economic activities, life safety, and the need for rational land use). Teaching methods have been systematized for each component: explanatory-illustrative, problem-based, and reproductive methods – for the cognitive component; cartographic practicum, game-based, research, and project methods – for the activity-based component; contextual learning, discussion methods, and local lore approach – for the value-based component. A set of practical tasks has been developed: cartographic-analytical tasks, tasks for digital platforms, contextual tasks, discussion tasks, and local lore tasks. The possibilities of integrating digital technologies (Google Earth, interactive maps, 3D models, virtual excursions) have been substantiated. The proposed system of methods and tasks can be used by geography teachers to form studentsʼ geomorphological competencies. The formation of these competencies becomes particularly relevant in the context of post-war reconstruction of Ukrainian territories.