Ukrainian ethnopedagogy as an axiological basis for the development of empathy in younger schoolchildren

Abstract

Abstract. The article considers Ukrainian ethnopedagogy as part of cultural heritage, which contains moral and ethical guidelines and values of humanism, kindness, and mercy. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical and methodological justification of Ukrainian ethnopedagogy as an axiological basis for the development of empathy in younger schoolchildren. The following methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, comparison of educational practices, and systematic generalization of data. Methodological approaches to the implementation of ethnopedagogical tools in key educational areas of the State Standard for Primary Education were analyzed. It has been established that incorporating elements of folk culture into the educational process helps to shape students' values, moral consciousness, social skills, and empathy. Ethnopedagogical tools also contribute to the development of the emotional sphere, speech, logical thinking, ecological, spiritual, and physical culture, digital literacy, as well as practical and creative skills. It has been proven that the systematic use of ethnopedagogical material in all areas of primary school education creates conditions for the holistic development of individuals capable of moral choice, constructive interaction, and empathy. The results can be used to create methodological recommendations and practical programs for integrating the ethnopedagogical component into the content of primary education. Conclusions. Ukrainian ethnopedagogy forms the value basis for the development of empathy and the emotional and value sphere of younger schoolchildren. The use of folklore, ritual, and traditional material contributes to the assimilation of humanistic values. The systematic introduction of the ethnopedagogical component combines national cultural heritage with the personal and empathic development of children.