Integration of Parametric Tolerances and Fits into a 3D Modeling Environment

Abstract

Abstract: The article theoretically substantiates and presents a methodology for integrating parametric tolerances and fits into the three-dimensional geometric kernel of CAD models to create a unified digital information space. The work is aimed at overcoming the gap between the static visual representation of accuracy on drawings and the dynamic needs of automated production systems, where the digital model must act as a digital carrier of all technical attributes. The research methods are based on a systematic analysis of CALS-technology principles, the application of parametric and geometric modelling methods, as well as the algorithmization of processes for accessing digital databases of ISO and DSTU regulatory data. The work uses point-row interpolation approaches to describe spatial surfaces and dimensional chain analysis methods in a three-dimensional environment to validate assembly. The research results allowed for the formation of an algorithm for the functioning of a digital 3D model, in which geometric parameters are linked by mathematical dependencies with its functional accuracy characteristics. It has been established that such integration provides automatic geometry adjustment depending on the selected quality class (grade), which minimizes the manual data conversion stage during the transition to CAM and CMM systems. It is proved that the implementation of the proposed methodology allows for increasing the accuracy of model materialization by additive and subtractive methods through the use of an "analytical part reference." The study’s conclusions confirm that the proposed approach radically changes the methodology of training future specialists, ensuring the formation of qualitatively new competencies, which increases the level of their professional adaptability to real production tasks. Prospects for further research in this area are seen in the development of specialized plugins for cloud CAD platforms, which will allow for the collective design of complex units with automatic coordination of dimensional chains in real-time.