IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL CONDITION OF CHILDREN 12-13 YEARS OLD USING NORDIC WALKING

Abstract

This article examines the rational design of the training process for track and field athletes during the preliminary basic training stage, which is largely determined by the ratio of different types, focus, dynamics, and magnitude of loads. Based on the biological patterns of speed and speed-strength development in children and adolescents, it is at this stage that it is advisable to comprehensively develop the speed and speed-strength qualities of young track and field athletes. Purpose of the article. To experimentally test an improved methodology for developing the speed abilities of young track and field athletes during the preliminary basic training stage. The research methodology includes an analysis of scientific and educational literature, internet sources, an analysis of curricula, and lesson plans; instrumental methods; pedagogical observation and testing; a pedagogical experiment; and mathematical statistics methods. Research Results. The implemented training methodology envisioned the intensive development of the speed abilities of young track and field athletes, necessary for their chosen specialization and the acquisition of athletics technique. One way to achieve this goal was to increase the sprinting load, as the development of physical qualities and mastery of movement technique are two closely interrelated parts of the integrated process of motor skill acquisition. To develop the experimental program, the most important aspects of the speed development methodology were considered. When selecting methods for developing the speed of cyclic movements, it was taken into account that speed has a limited transfer from one exercise to another. Therefore, sprinting was chosen as the primary means for developing speed in a specific type of cyclic locomotion. Conclusions. The proposed methodology improved the development of speed and speed-strength abilities in young track and field athletes. Thus, the absolute increase in physical abilities of 13-14-year-old children in the experimental group significantly exceeded the characteristics of the control group in most test tasks. The developed methodology for developing the speed abilities of young sprinters during the preliminary basic training stage yielded positive results and is effective in track and field training sessions.