ADAPTATION OF TRACK AND FIELD TRAINING FOR STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT HEALTH LEVELS

Abstract

The article is devoted to substantiating practice-oriented approaches to the adaptation of track and field training in the physical education of students with different health levels and determining the peculiarities of differentiating physical loads. The study is aimed at systematizing methodological approaches to the individualization of physical education for student youth depending on the functional capabilities of the body and the level of physical fitness. Methods: The methods of theoretical analysis, generalization, systematization, and comparison of modern scientific and methodological approaches to the adaptation of physical loads, the organization of students' physical education, and the use of functional monitoring tools in the process of track and field training were used. Results: The study substantiates the expediency of using a differentiated approach to organizing track and field classes according to students' health levels and functional capabilities. The peculiarities of adapting running, jumping, and general developmental exercises through regulating the intensity, volume, and duration of physical activity were determined. A system for differentiating track and field classes depending on the level of students' functional readiness was proposed, and methodological approaches to the adaptation of physical loads, the use of functional monitoring tools, and the creation of safe and motivational conditions for conducting classes were generalized. An author's model for adapting track and field training was developed, including target, diagnostic, differentiated, methodological, control-corrective, motivational-safety, and resultative components. The practical orientation of the model lies in the possibility of its application in planning and organizing physical education for students of different medical groups in higher education institutions. Conclusions: The adaptation of track and field training in the physical education of students with different health levels is an important direction for improving the health-oriented component of physical education in higher education institutions. The use of a differentiated approach to the selection of track and field exercises, regulation of physical loads, and functional monitoring tools creates the prerequisites for the safe and effective organization of motor activity among student youth.