Methodological approaches to teaching plastic anatomy in the process of academic drawing training

Abstract

Modern art education is undergoing significant transformation under the influence of digitalization, the development of interactive technologies, and the reorientation of the educational process toward the formation of analytical and professionally oriented artistic thinking. In these conditions, plastic anatomy acquires particular importance as a fundamental component of academic drawing, ensuring the development of spatial, constructive, and analytical perception of form, as well as the formation of conscious form-making skills in the depiction of the human body. The purpose of the study is to substantiate modern methodological approaches to teaching plastic anatomy in the process of academic drawing training and to develop an authorial approach focused on the integration of constructive drawing, anatomical analysis, and digital technologies. The methodological basis of the study includes methods of analysis and synthesis of scientific sources, comparative analysis of modern teaching methods, systematization of methodological approaches, and structural-logical modeling of the author’s teaching algorithm. The article analyzes contemporary scientific approaches to teaching plastic anatomy, innovative teaching methods, and digital technologies used in the process of academic drawing education. The main trends in the transformation of teaching methods of plastic anatomy in modern art education are identified, including the shift from copying nature to analytical form-making, the integration of digital technologies, the individualization of training, and interdisciplinary interaction. As a result of the study, an authorial approach to teaching plastic anatomy was developed, based on a step-by-step transition from visual-analytical perception of form to the creative interpretation of the human body through the integration of academic drawing, plastic analysis, and digital technologies. An algorithm for implementing the methodology was proposed, covering the stages of observing nature, constructive form building, anatomical modeling, tonal and light-shadow generalization, and creative synthesis. It was established that the integration of traditional academic methods with digital visualization tools increases the clarity of the educational process, contributes to the development of professional visual culture, and adapts artistic training to contemporary educational requirements.