The System of Corrective and Preventive Measures for Optimizing the Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System in Young Athletes

Abstract

The problem of optimizing the biomechanical status of young athletes is conditioned by the increasing prevalence of overuse injuries and postural dysfunctions. Its relevance is determined by the necessity to implement integrated technologies that combine sport-specific training with preventive correction of the biomechanical profile of posture. Timely application of corrective and preventive interventions is considered a crucial factor in preserving somatic health, improving movement economy, and ensuring long-term athletic performance. The aim of this article is to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of a corrective–preventive technology for optimizing the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system in young athletes, including the systematization of existing approaches, substantiation of its structural components, and identification of key mechanisms influencing postural alignment and functional stability of the locomotor system.. Methods. The study employed a review and analysis of scientific and methodological literature in sports medicine, physical education, and kinesiology; synthesis and generalization of scientific data on postural correction and biomechanical optimization of the musculoskeletal system; comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different corrective–preventive approaches; as well as methods of systematization and classification for grouping corrective exercises and health-oriented practices (stretching, Tai Chi, Qigong, and fitness equipment-based exercises) according to types of postural disorders (round, flat, and scoliotic posture). Results. The central focus of the study is the corrective–training block, considered the key functional component of the integrated corrective–preventive system. Its conceptual framework is based on the principles of controlled biomechanical transformation of the musculoskeletal system in young athletes. The block integrates differentiated intervention strategies aimed at reducing postural deviations and optimizing intersegmental coordination. Its functional implementation is achieved through the combination of stabilization techniques, neuromuscular activation methods, and Eastern health practices, ensuring a sustained cumulative effect in forming a rational body architecture under conditions of intensive sports development. Conclusions. It has been established that the effectiveness of young athletes' training is largely determined by the level of postural control, intermuscular coordination, and the rationality of motor patterns, all of which are responsive to complex corrective interventions. The developed system of corrective–preventive measures (stabilization, neuromuscular, corrective, and coordination components) ensures optimization of musculoskeletal biomechanics, improvement of movement patterns, and enhancement of motor control efficiency. Its implementation contributes to the prevention of postural disorders and to the improvement of physical and technical-motor performance.