STEM Education as a Means of Developing Scientific Literacy and Engineering Thinking in Mathematics Lessons

Abstract

The aim of this article is to explore the features of using and highlighting practical issues of implementing STEM approaches in mathematics education in secondary schools to develop scientific literacy and engineering thinking, as well as to demonstrate examples of such implementation from personal experience. The use of STEM elements in mathematics lessons not only increases interest in the subject but also forms key competencies necessary for successful learning and further professional activity. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the described methods by mathematics teachers in middle school classes and extracurricular work with students.

The research methods include the analysis of literary sources, personal observations of the educational process, and practical implementation of STEM elements during mathematics lessons. Methods of developing scientific literacy and engineering thinking were examined through research tasks, integration of interdisciplinary connections, and practical student activities, including laboratory and graphical work, mini-research, excursions, and practice-oriented tasks.

The results of the study showed that the application of STEM approaches in mathematics education positively affects students' development: their analytical abilities improve, their ability to solve complex tasks and model real processes increases. The practical implementation of STEM elements contributed to enhancing students' motivation, developing collaboration skills, critical thinking, and independent decision-making. It was also shown that practice-oriented tasks help students realize the practical significance of mathematical knowledge and apply it to solve real-world problems.

The conclusions emphasize the importance of introducing STEM approaches into the school mathematics curriculum as a means of developing scientific literacy and engineering thinking, as well as forming practical skills needed to adapt to modern life conditions and professional activities. The development of STEM education should provide students with a holistic approach to learning that combines theoretical knowledge with practical activities, which is an important step in preparing the younger generation to address future challenges.