Physical rehabilitation of flat feet in children and adolescents: analysis of the effectiveness of methods and means

Abstract

The relevance of the problem is evidenced by the fact that in recent years there has been a negative trend in the number of musculoskeletal disorders in children and adolescents. The purpose of the article is to analyze the literature on the study of the impact of physical rehabilitation in the prevention and correction of foot disorders in children and adolescents and to test their effectiveness. The following research methods were used in the study: analysis of special scientific and methodological literature and information Internet sources of Ukrainian and foreign scientists; pedagogical observation; questionnaire; experimental methods (review, survey, plantography) on physical rehabilitation of flat feet in children and adolescents were used. The results of the study showed that one of the factors of disorders of the normal arch of the foot, which can lead to pathological changes in the foot, is the weakness of the muscles that support the arch of the foot. It has been established that the largest number of cases of flat feet occurs in children with weakened muscles, who have various health and physical development disorders. The analyzed methods of foot examination made it possible to identify the simplest and most accessible in educational institutions - the plantographic method according to the Chyzhin method. It has been found that scientists have identified the following as effective means of physical rehabilitation for flat feet: Exercise therapy, massage, physiotherapy, wearing special shoes, using insoles-supernatants, general hygiene products. Conclusions. The results of the study confirm the expediency of including such means of physical rehabilitation as special exercises for the formation of the foot during physical education classes and fixing them at home, as well as massage, wearing special orthopedic shoes or insoles, which is extremely important in preschool and general secondary education, as it will help restore the support and support function of the foot and prevent further progression of flat feet in children. Prospects for further research will be to develop and implement a rehabilitation program for children with flat feet and test its effectiveness.