Toxicological and forensic chemistry: basic definitions of the discipline

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to highlight the relevance of the emanation and implementation of scientific definitions into the educational and methodological complex of the discipline "Toxicological and Forensic Chemistry" in order to modernize it and improve the understanding of the educational material by higher education students in higher education institutions of Ukraine in accordance with the educational program (EP) "Pharmacy" of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty I8 "Pharmacy". An important task is to focus attention on the emanation of modern definitions and their implementation in theoretical material and during the planning or execution of scientific experimental work, which will help to increase their scientific level in accordance with European requirements. Studying the discipline "Toxicological and Forensic Chemistry" at the O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University opens up the opportunity for students to become familiar with modern methods and advanced techniques for qualitative detection and quantitative determination of highly toxic and poisonous substances in objects of various origins, including in physical evidence. Mastering modern definitions and practical skills in the discipline opens up the prospect for students to work in modern laboratories of chemical and toxicological analysis of the European level.

Methods: analytical, systematic and logical.

Results. Emanation of definitions is the process of highlighting and attracting the most significant specific and special scientific definitions from a certain range of scientific definitions in order to increase the focus of the student's attention on the study of a specific academic discipline. Increasing attention to the study and use of the most significant specific scientific definitions that define certain phenomena, processes, or objects helps to increase the level of students' knowledge and the ability to recognize from terminology which science or academic discipline this terminology represents. It is known that definitions are the basis of intellectual communication for obtaining professional knowledge. Definitions are an integral part of modern science and academic disciplines studied by students in higher education institutions. Particular attention is paid to the modernization and introduction of new definitions during the assimilation of educational material in the discipline "Toxicological and Forensic Chemistry" by students of higher education at the Faculty of Pharmacy of the O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University according to the educational program (EP) "Pharmacy" of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty I8 "Pharmacy". Definitions help to formulate a scientific concept, hypothesis and have the potential for text improvement. Active assimilation of definitions helps in the effective transfer of knowledge to students and the formation of their intellectual level. Along with the fact that during the assimilation of theoretical material in the discipline "Toxicological and Forensic Chemistry", attention is constantly focused on the use of modernized specific definitions, their list is expanding, as new methods of chemical-toxicological analysis or methods of isolating toxic substances are being introduced into practice, and recently, preference has been given to a combination of methods. The modernization of definitions occurs with the further development of science and education and their harmonization with European achievements. With the expansion of the list of specific scientific definitions, there is a need for their classification within the framework of one science and the corresponding academic discipline. These are direct and indirect definitions based on communicative independence or non-independence; definitions are explicit, contextual, or combined in their expressiveness.

Conclusions. Through the process of emanation of definitions, the selection and active practical involvement of the most significant specific and special definitions from a certain range of scientific definitions continues in order to increase the focus of attention of both scientists and students. The modernization of definitions takes place in parallel with the development of science and education, their harmonization with European achievements. The expansion of the list of specific and special scientific definitions, which is formed through their emanation, creates a need to improve their classification (direct and indirect definitions according to communicative independence or non-independence; explicit, contextual and combined definitions according to their expressiveness) within the framework of one science using these updates during the assimilation of the material of the academic discipline.