The Influence of Strength Fitness Means on the Level of General Physical Preparedness of Athletes in Complex Coordination Sports

Abstract

The article addresses the problem of improving the effectiveness of general physical training of athletes engaged in complex coordination sports through the integration of strength fitness means into the training process. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of strength fitness exercises on the development of physical abilities of female athletes involved in sports aerobics and cheerleading. Methods. The study used theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological sources, a coach survey, physical ability testing, a pedagogical experiment, and methods of mathematical statistics. The pedagogical experiment involved 20 female athletes aged 17–22 years, divided into control and experimental groups. For four weeks, the participants of the experimental group performed a specially developed strength fitness program, which included elements of callanetics and basic strength exercises using different training methods. The control group followed a traditional general physical training program. Results. Experimental data demonstrated that after a four-week training cycle, the athletes of the experimental group showed statistically significant (p<0.05) improvements in strength indicators – push-ups (+4.1 repetitions) and angle hold in hanging position (+2.2 s) – as well as aerobic endurance (Cooper test: +241 m). Positive but statistically insignificant changes were also observed in flexibility, speed-strength, and agility development. These results indicate a targeted positive effect of strength fitness exercises on the level of general physical preparedness of female athletes. Conclusions. The implementation of strength fitness means in the general physical training process of athletes involved in complex coordination sports is an effective direction for optimizing the training process. A rational combination of various types of strength fitness ensures a comprehensive impact on the muscular system, promotes the development of strength and endurance, and increases the overall level of physical preparedness. The obtained results can be applied in the practice of coaches in aerobics, gymnastics, cheerleading, and related sports to improve the effectiveness of athletes’ general physical training.