Competency-based approach in training teachers of natural disciplines as a direction of higher education reform

Abstract

Abstract. In the conditions of the present, higher pedagogical education is being reformed. The formation of new generation teachers is aimed at implementing a competency-based approach both in theory and practice of higher pedagogical education institutions. Teachers are in search of new forms and methods for effective professional training of future teachers, which would meet the modern requirements of pedagogical skills. The content of the article contains the theoretical foundations of the problem under study, in particular, during the analysis of literary sources, various approaches to defining the category of competence, the features of the formation of key and professional competencies of future teachers of natural sciences were revealed. There should be a comprehensive approach to solving this problem, that is, the formation of the competencies of a biologist should be influenced by subjects of both the general cycle (pedagogy, philosophy, psychology, etc.) and industry (anatomy, botany, zoology, mycology, physiology, etc.), free choice subjects, laboratory practicals, industrial practice, independent and individual work. The training of future biology teachers takes place in special conditions, namely the active modernization of secondary education institutions. The article presents an analysis of the conducted questionnaire survey of future teachers regarding the vision of solving the problem of introducing a competency-based approach into the educational process of higher pedagogical education. The purpose of our work was to reveal the theoretical foundations of effective professional training of a teacher of the natural sciences, using a competency-based approach. To fulfill the tasks defined by the stated purpose, the following methods were used: analysis of scientific, methodological publications, dissertation research devoted to the use of a competency-based approach in the training of future teachers, questionnaires of applicants, study of the experience of university teachers.