Domain Structure of Physical Activity and Hypokinesia as Determinants of Functional Reserves in Internally Displaced Persons: Development of a Physical Activity Model

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationships between physical activity (considering its domain structure), morphometric indicators, and self-rated health of internally displaced persons as indicators of the organism's functional reserves, as well as to develop a physical activity model and an algorithm for its implementation based on the identified relationships to optimize the structure of physical activity and improve quality of life. Methods. The study involved internally displaced persons of working age. Physical activity was assessed using MET indicators based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), taking into account its domain structure. Morphometric status was evaluated using body mass index (BMI). Quality of life was assessed through physical and mental health components, while self-rated health was determined by subjective evaluation. Methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were applied. Results. The findings indicate that the overall level of physical activity may be relatively high; however, it is characterized by an imbalance across domains, with a predominance of occupational and transport-related activity and insufficient levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), which reduces its health-promoting effectiveness. Statistically significant relationships were identified between physical activity indicators, BMI, quality of life, and self-rated health, allowing them to be considered as interrelated components of functional reserves of the organism. It was demonstrated that leisure-time physical activity is a key determinant of health-oriented physical activity effectiveness. Based on the obtained results, a three-level physical activity model and an algorithm for its implementation were developed, involving differentiation of physical loads depending on the level of LTPA. Conclusions. The effectiveness of physical activity is determined by its domain structure rather than its total volume alone. A physical activity model and an implementation algorithm oriented toward increasing leisure-time physical activity have been developed, ensuring optimization of the functional state of the organism and improvement of quality of life in internally displaced persons.