Key Factors Essential for Demonstrating High Performance in Track Cycling

Abstract

The aim of the article is to characterize the main factors of efficiency in track cycling and to explain the implementation of effective training strategies for enhancement of track cycling results. To achieve the research aim a number of methods were used. they included theoretical methods, in particular literature review, analysis, synthesis, generalization of scientific findings. Besides, the research results are based on the comparative analysis of the factors of efficiency in track cycling in Ukrainian and foreign scholars. The article reveals that the efficiency in sport is interpreted as a measurable result of physical activity or it is an index of success in sports competitions. The high results in sport are affected by a number of various factors. It was proved that these factors can be classified into three groups. The first group includes factors of maintenance, factors of realization, and objective factors. The second group is related to individual factors, factors of scientific and technical progress, and socio-economic factors. At the same time, the third group embraces physical, tactical, psychological, and ecological factors. In the article the notion of model of enhancement of efficiency in track cycling was explained. It deals with the conceptual basis which identifies and combines different factors. The model contributes to optimal sport results as well. The model of enhancement of efficiency in track cycling is realized at individual, tactical, and strategic dimensions. It was proved that training strategies for enhancement of efficiency in track cycling include the following: development of aerodynamic qualities, training of muscle force and endurance, formation of skills of riding a bicycle, studying the techniques of pedaling, movement of aerobic system, formation of psychological firmness, and studying of competition tactics. In future it will be necessary to investigate the problems of application of innovative technologies and equipment, including instruments of artificial intelligence, for enhancement of efficiency in training cycling.