Cardio training as a means of preventing cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood

Abstract

Analysis of the lifestyle of men in their early adulthood reveals a number of factors that are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases: insufficient level of physical activity, excess body weight, bad habits (smoking, abuse of alcoholic and tonic drinks), and a high level of psycho-emotional stress. In this regard, the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood is a pressing problem today, which determines the goal of the study: to substantiate and verify the effectiveness of cardio training in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood. Methods. To assess the existing risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood, the method of A.Z. Zapisochny, S.A. Dushanin and the cardiovascular risk calculator were used (the online calculator uses European (SCORE2) and American (ASCVD) approaches). Results. Cardio training is an effective means of eliminating risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood. Systematic cardio training not only prevents the development of cardiovascular diseases, but also improves the general condition of the body, mood and performance. Thanks to regular aerobic exercise, the work of the heart muscle is activated, microcirculation improves due to the formation of a capillary bed, which significantly extends the duration of active life of men of early adulthood. The approaches to building cardio training determined in the course of the study are determined by the purpose of the training, but necessarily include cardio exercises, the repetition method, continuous and interval methods, as well as the circuit training method. In general, the cardio training program for men of early adulthood is aimed at increasing the level of aerobic endurance, optimizing the functions of the cardiovascular system. The indicator of the dosage of the load during cardio training is the heart rate, which we recommend calculating based on the Karvonen formula. Conclusions. The criterion of the effectiveness of cardio training for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood is the normalization of cardiovascular system indicators in men of early adulthood (reduction in heart rate and blood pressure indicators at rest), a decrease in body weight by 3.5±0.3 kg and an increase in the number of people with no risk of developing cardiovascular diseases to 20.01%. Therefore, cardio training is an effective means of preventing cardiovascular diseases in men of early adulthood.