Educative models of ensuring equal access to education in the historical context of Ukraine

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the historical path of formation and development of an inclusive educational environment in Ukraine, in particular through digital technologies in education and STEM education. To achieve the research goal, a set of scientific methods was used, including a critical analysis of scientific literature to assess the approaches and theoretical foundations of the problem. The method of scientific abstraction helped to formulate conclusions and summarize the results obtained to develop theoretical approaches to the topic under study. The study found that in the scientific literature of recent years, four main models of inclusion development have been identified, which can be used to trace the evolution of inclusive practices from the tenth century to the present. At the same time, the introduction of digital technologies in the educational process, in particular in teaching history, began in the 1950s, and the term STEM education became popular in the 1990s. The study of the history of the development of an inclusive educational environment, the integration of digital technologies and STEM education confirms that the combination of information and communication technologies and STEM education has had a positive impact on the formation and development of an inclusive educational environment, as well as on improving the quality of the educational process in Ukraine. The conclusions summarize that the integration of innovative digital technologies and STEM education facilitates the education of both people with different nosologies and healthy people, as they act as effective aids to ensure equal access to education. These technologies help to eliminate physical barriers, promote comprehensive personal development, and reduce financial costs of education. Digital technologies and STEM education improve the quality of the educational process by diversifying the forms of work, varying tasks, and other aspects.