The Problem of Developmental Education in Junior School in the Pedagogical Heritage of Innovative Teachers

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to investigate the peculiarities of the implementation of developmental education in junior school in the work experience of innovative teachers. The work uses the following methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization. The results of the study consider the methods and techniques of implementing developmental education in junior school in the work experience of innovative teachers. Special attention is paid to the formation of key and subject matter competencies aimed at developing the ability to act in new situations. The article reveals ways of implementing developmental learning in the work experience of innovative teachers. An important place is given to the disclosure of the system of developmental education in the work experience of V. Sukhomlynskyi, which covers thinking lessons, creation of problem situations, use of mental exercises, tasks for cleverness, joke tasks, riddle tasks, puzzles, creative tasks for the development of thinking of younger schoolchildren, forming the ability to learn, to play chess. The research also sheds light on the methods of development of pupils' thinking in the work experience of V. Edihey, the use for this purpose of tasks to restore distorted words, distorted sentences, tasks that contribute to meaningful memorization, speed, flexibility, independent thinking, concentration of attention, the ability to predict, development of creative thinking. The article reveals the work experience of S. Lohachevska on the issues of developmental learning through in-class differentiation – differentiation of tasks by degree of complexity and degree of independence, in the process of which cognitive tasks are used to form pupils’ tools of analysis and synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization. The conclusions emphasize the methodical value of the methods and techniques of implementing problem-based learning in the work experience of innovative teachers, the creative use of which will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the educational process in junior school.